Abstract

By setting up the physical sediment model, the tangible water-sand combinations is stated for transporting the sediment efficiently in the lower Yellow River, which have been successfully verified by the sediment mathematic model and confirmed by the prototype practice of water-sand diversion in the lower Yellow River. Through analyzing the mechanism of sediment-carrying and the processes of water-sediment transportation in the lower Yellow River, a new concept and method for calculating the sediment-carrying water volume (SCWV) has been put forward. According to the field data of sediment and water volume in the lower Yellow River from 1950 to 2000, the sediment-carrying water volume and unit sediment-carrying water volume have been calculated. Meanwhile, the relationship between them and the influencing factors, such as discharge, sediment concentration, water volume, sediment volume, erosion volume, deposition volume, etc., have been confirmed to calculate the efficient sediment-carrying water volume after the construction of Xiaolangdi Reservoir. The water-sand combinations for efficient sediment transportation have been successfully verified by the mathematic sediment model, the physical sediment model and the practice of water-sand diversion in the lower Yellow River.

Keywords: the lower Yellow River, the sediment-carrying water volume, the unit sediment-carrying water volume, the efficient sediment-carrying water volume, the efficient sediment-carrying flood