Abstract

A numerical model is proposed for the description of bed deformation in a non-steady-state flow in open, ice-covered, and partially covered by ice flows, as well as during ice jam formation under the effect of a release wave. The model is based on the solution of one-dimensional Saint Venant equations and Eksner's continuity equation for the solid phase of transported material.

The studies and calculations showed that under the conditions of an essentially non-steady-state flow, the rate of bed deformation can gradually decline and completely vanish; bed scouring predominates in the case of jam formation in flows with a bed composed of a sufficiently coarse material; all other conditions being the same, the presence of bed forms in a flow can facilitate the formation of an ice jam, which allows the relevant measures to be taken to prevent its formation.

Keywords: Ice cover; Bed Deformations; Ice jams; Non-steady-state flow; Mathematical Modeling