Abstract

The role of major factors influencing on characteristics of solid runoff was revealed. The features of regime sediments flow, water muddiness and grain size of sediments in conditions of the Zailiyskiy and the Dzhungarskiy Alatau mountains were studied. The specified norms of sediments flow and water muddiness, spatial-temporal laws of their change, new dependences and formulas for calculation of the basic characteristics of solid runoff that can be applied for the unexplored mountain rivers were received. The grain size of the weighed and bottomed sediment was investigated in detail. The maps of water muddiness, maps of the contents of fine particles in structure of the weighed sediments were compiled. Ecological aspects of application of the solid runoff data were considered.

Keywords: sediments, sediments flow, runoff, muddiness water, solid runoff, long-term fluctuations, asynchronism, grain-size of sediments, coefficient of heterogeneity, effective diameter, ionic flow, mineralization, erosion, outwash, self-cleaning, water quality